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26121 Metamycoplasma hominis, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies (MHRP)

Metamycoplasma hominis, Molecular Detection, PCR, Varies (MHRP)
Test Code: MHRPSO
Synonyms/Keywords

​​​Mycoplasma hominis

Metamycoplasma hominis

Useful For
Detection of Metamycoplasma hominis from synovial fluid, genitourinary, reproductive, lower respiratory sources, pleural/chest fluid, pericardial fluid and wound specimens.

This test is not intended for medicolegal use. ​
Specimen Requirements
Specimen Type
(Submit only 1 of the following Specimens)
 Preferred Container/Tube ​Acceptable Container/Tube Specimen Volume Specimen Minimum Volume
(allows for 1 repeat)		 Pediatric Minimum Volume
(no repeat)
Swab: Vaginal, cervix, urethra, urogenital, chest/mediastinal; bronchus or lung (donor swab); or upper respiratory sources (only infants < 3 months: nasopharynx, nose, throat)
 Culture swab transport system (Dacron or rayon swab with aluminum or plastic shaft with either Stuart or Amies liquid medium)​
 ​Swab in transport media: M4, M4-RT, M5, M6, universal transport media, or ESwab
 ​One swab ​One swab ​
Fluid: Pelvic, peritoneal, amniotic, prostatic secretions, semen, reproductive drainage or fluid, pleural/chest, chest tube, pericardial
 ​Sterile, screw-capped container Container with 3 mL of transport media: M4, M4-RT, M5, M6, or universal transport media
 ​2 mL ​1 mL ​
​Urine (first void), kidney/bladder stone, or ureter
 ​Sterile, screw-capped container ​ ​10 mL ​2 mL ​
​Synovial Fluid
 ​​EDTA Lavender top (LTT) ​EDTA Pink top, EDTA royal blue top, sterile vial containing EDTA-derived aliquot, Red clot tube (no anticoagulant), or sterile container
 0.5 mL ​0.5 mL ​
​Tissue (fresh): Placenta, products of conception, urogenital, respiratory, bronchus, chest/mediastinal, bone, spine, or joint
 ​​Sterile, screw-capped container ​ ​5 mm(3) ​ ​

​Respiratory: Sputum, tracheal secretions, bronchial washings, bronchoalveolar lavage, lung; or nasal washings (Note: Nasal washings may only be submitted for infants < 3 months of age.)
​Sterile, screw-capped container
​

​2 mL
​1 mL​
​
Collection Processing Instructions

​Specimen source is required. 

​

Specimen Type: Swab

Collection Instructions: 

Vaginal: Collect specimen by swabbing back and forth over mucosa surface to maximize recovery of cells. Place swab back into swab cylinder.

Urethra or cervical: Collect specimen by inserting swab 1 to 3 cm and rotation 360 degrees. Place swab back into swab cylinder.

Wound: Collect specimen by swabbing back and forth over wound surface to maximize recovery of cells. Place swab back into swab cylinder. 


Specimen Type: Synovial fluid

Collection Instructions:

Send specimen in original tube.


Specimen Type: Urine (first void), kidney/bladder stone, or ureter

Collection Instructions:​

Urine first void: Specimen can be collected at any time during the day. The patient should not have urinated for at least 1 hour prior to specimen collection. The first voided portion is the initial 20 to 30 mL of the urine stream obtained without cleaning the external urethra.


Specimen Type: Tissue

Collection Instructions:

1. Collect fresh tissue specimen. 

2. Submit fresh tissue only, do not add fluid to tissue

3. Refrigerate or freeze specimen. ​

Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type Temperature Time
Varies ​ ​Refrigerate (preferred) ​7 days
​Frozen ​7 days
Rejection Criteria
Cotton or calcium alginate-tipped swab, wooden shaft swab, dry swab (no pledget or sponge), swab containing gel or charcoal
​Formalin-fixed and/or paraffin-embedded tissues
​Anaerobic fluid vials
​Bone marrow
​Decalcified bone
​Slides
​Port-a-Cul tube
Interference

​Interfering substances may affect the accuracy of this assay; results should always be interpreted in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological findings

Since Metamycoplasma hominis may be part of the normal flora, results should be interpreted accordingly.

This test does not detect other Metamycoplasma or Ureaplasma species (including Metamycoplasma pneumoniae, a common cause of community acquired pneumonia).

Performing Laboratory Information

Performing Location Day(s) Test Performed Report Available
​Methodology/Instrumentation
​Mayo Clinic Laboratories ​Monday through Friday ​3 to 4 days​Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using LightCycler and Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)​

​
Reference Lab
Mayo Clinic Laboratories
Test Information

Metamycoplasma hominis, formerly Mycoplasma hominis, has been associated with a number of clinically significant infections, although it is also part of the normal genital microbiota.

M hominis may be found in the respiratory specimens and spinal fluid of neonates. Although the clinical significance of such findings is often unclear as spontaneous clinical recovery may occur without specific treatment, clinical manifestations of meningoencephalitis in premature infants have been reported.

M hominis may play a role in some cases of pelvic inflammatory disease, usually in combination with other organisms. M hominis may be isolated from amniotic fluid of women with preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, spontaneous term labor, or chorioamnionitis; there is evidence that it may be involved in postpartum fever or fever following abortion, usually as a complication of endometritis.

M hominis has rarely been associated with septic arthritis (including prosthetic joint infection), pyelonephritis, intraabdominal infection, wound infection, endocarditis, central nervous system infection (including meningoencephalitis, brain abscess, central nervous system shunt infection, and subdural empyema), pneumonia, and infected pleural and pericardial effusions. Extragenital infection typically occurs in those with hypogammaglobulinemia or depressed cell-mediated immunity; in lung transplant recipients in particular, M hominis has been associated with pleuritis and mediastinitis. Recent evidence implicates donor transmission in some cases of M hominis infection in lung transplant recipients.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of M hominis is sensitive, specific, and provides same-day results. Although this organism can occasionally be detected in routine plate cultures, this is neither a rapid nor a sensitive approach to detection. Specialized cultures are more time consuming than the described PCR assay. The described PCR assay has replaced conventional culture for M hominis at Mayo Clinic Laboratories due to its speed and equivalent performance to culture.​

Interpretation
​

A positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result for the presence of a specific sequence found within the Metamycoplasma hominis tuf gene indicates the presence of M hominis DNA in the specimen.

A negative PCR result indicates the absence of detectable M hominis DNA in the specimen, but does not rule out infection as falsely negative results may occur due to inhibition of PCR, sequence variability underlying the primers and probes, or the presence of M hominis in quantities less than the limit of detection of the assay.

Outreach CPTs
CPT Modifier
(if needed)		 Quantity Description Comments
​87798 ​ ​1 ​ ​
Synonyms/Keywords

​​​Mycoplasma hominis

Metamycoplasma hominis

Ordering Applications
Ordering Application Description
​Cerner ​Mycoplasma hominis, PCR (MHRP)
If the ordering application you are looking for is not listed, contact your local laboratory for assistance.
Specimen Requirements
Specimen Type
(Submit only 1 of the following Specimens)
 Preferred Container/Tube ​Acceptable Container/Tube Specimen Volume Specimen Minimum Volume
(allows for 1 repeat)		 Pediatric Minimum Volume
(no repeat)
Swab: Vaginal, cervix, urethra, urogenital, chest/mediastinal; bronchus or lung (donor swab); or upper respiratory sources (only infants < 3 months: nasopharynx, nose, throat)
 Culture swab transport system (Dacron or rayon swab with aluminum or plastic shaft with either Stuart or Amies liquid medium)​
 ​Swab in transport media: M4, M4-RT, M5, M6, universal transport media, or ESwab
 ​One swab ​One swab ​
Fluid: Pelvic, peritoneal, amniotic, prostatic secretions, semen, reproductive drainage or fluid, pleural/chest, chest tube, pericardial
 ​Sterile, screw-capped container Container with 3 mL of transport media: M4, M4-RT, M5, M6, or universal transport media
 ​2 mL ​1 mL ​
​Urine (first void), kidney/bladder stone, or ureter
 ​Sterile, screw-capped container ​ ​10 mL ​2 mL ​
​Synovial Fluid
 ​​EDTA Lavender top (LTT) ​EDTA Pink top, EDTA royal blue top, sterile vial containing EDTA-derived aliquot, Red clot tube (no anticoagulant), or sterile container
 0.5 mL ​0.5 mL ​
​Tissue (fresh): Placenta, products of conception, urogenital, respiratory, bronchus, chest/mediastinal, bone, spine, or joint
 ​​Sterile, screw-capped container ​ ​5 mm(3) ​ ​

​Respiratory: Sputum, tracheal secretions, bronchial washings, bronchoalveolar lavage, lung; or nasal washings (Note: Nasal washings may only be submitted for infants < 3 months of age.)
​Sterile, screw-capped container
​

​2 mL
​1 mL​
​
Collection Processing

​Specimen source is required. 

​

Specimen Type: Swab

Collection Instructions: 

Vaginal: Collect specimen by swabbing back and forth over mucosa surface to maximize recovery of cells. Place swab back into swab cylinder.

Urethra or cervical: Collect specimen by inserting swab 1 to 3 cm and rotation 360 degrees. Place swab back into swab cylinder.

Wound: Collect specimen by swabbing back and forth over wound surface to maximize recovery of cells. Place swab back into swab cylinder. 


Specimen Type: Synovial fluid

Collection Instructions:

Send specimen in original tube.


Specimen Type: Urine (first void), kidney/bladder stone, or ureter

Collection Instructions:​

Urine first void: Specimen can be collected at any time during the day. The patient should not have urinated for at least 1 hour prior to specimen collection. The first voided portion is the initial 20 to 30 mL of the urine stream obtained without cleaning the external urethra.


Specimen Type: Tissue

Collection Instructions:

1. Collect fresh tissue specimen. 

2. Submit fresh tissue only, do not add fluid to tissue

3. Refrigerate or freeze specimen. ​

Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type Temperature Time
Varies ​ ​Refrigerate (preferred) ​7 days
​Frozen ​7 days
Rejection Criteria
Cotton or calcium alginate-tipped swab, wooden shaft swab, dry swab (no pledget or sponge), swab containing gel or charcoal
​Formalin-fixed and/or paraffin-embedded tissues
​Anaerobic fluid vials
​Bone marrow
​Decalcified bone
​Slides
​Port-a-Cul tube
Interference

​Interfering substances may affect the accuracy of this assay; results should always be interpreted in conjunction with clinical and epidemiological findings

Since Metamycoplasma hominis may be part of the normal flora, results should be interpreted accordingly.

This test does not detect other Metamycoplasma or Ureaplasma species (including Metamycoplasma pneumoniae, a common cause of community acquired pneumonia).

Useful For
Detection of Metamycoplasma hominis from synovial fluid, genitourinary, reproductive, lower respiratory sources, pleural/chest fluid, pericardial fluid and wound specimens.

This test is not intended for medicolegal use. ​
Interpretation
​

A positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) result for the presence of a specific sequence found within the Metamycoplasma hominis tuf gene indicates the presence of M hominis DNA in the specimen.

A negative PCR result indicates the absence of detectable M hominis DNA in the specimen, but does not rule out infection as falsely negative results may occur due to inhibition of PCR, sequence variability underlying the primers and probes, or the presence of M hominis in quantities less than the limit of detection of the assay.

For more information visit:
Performing Laboratory Information

Performing Location Day(s) Test Performed Report Available
​Methodology/Instrumentation
​Mayo Clinic Laboratories ​Monday through Friday ​3 to 4 days​Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using LightCycler and Fluorescent Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)​

​
Reference Lab
Mayo Clinic Laboratories
For billing questions, see Contacts
Outreach CPTs
CPT Modifier
(if needed)		 Quantity Description Comments
​87798 ​ ​1 ​ ​
For most current information refer to the Marshfield Laboratory online reference manual.